Colic in Horses – Advice and Information
A horse with colic is a situation that concerns any horse owner. So what is colic? What indicators should you look for?
Colic in horses refers to pain which stems from the abdomen. Normally horses will not hide abdominal pain very well. So in the event of any disturbance of gut function they tend to display signs of distress.
Signs of discomfort could be stretching, a stance as if to urinate, and hoofing the floor. If the pain is greater the horse will get up and down, and roll to try to become more settled.
It will likely start sweating. In more severe cases it will stand up and lie down and roll constantly.
What Should You Do?
If you believe your horse has colic, it’s best to call an equine vet immediately. They will be in a position to provide rapid pain relief and make a decision whether further treatment is appropriate.
Is there anything you can do while waiting for the vet? Taking your horse for a walk sometimes helps. It can sometimes encourage his intestines to start working ina normal manner and surpress any pain. It could also further prevent your horse lying down and rolling. If he is currently lying on the floor quietly then you should let him stay there.
It used to be thought that a horse could twist its gut by rolling around. That has been proven to be probably incorrect. But it is best to prevent him rolling if possible. That way you can stop your horse harming himself by striking himself on any walls. But take care that you don’t hurt yourself. Horses often forget all their manners if in pain.
There are many differing reasons as to why horses get colic. Often the signs look the same regardless of the cause.
How does the vet investigate the issue? He or she will have a listen to the abdomen with a stethoscope which will show them whether there is more or less activity in the intestines than there should be.
Listening to the heart rate provides a good idea of the severity of the discomfort and the seriousness of the problem. Normally a horse with a regular heart beat doen’t have a serious case. However a high heart rate is not such a promising sign.
A very useful area of the examination is the rectal examination. By feeling the intestines, vets may be able to find the root of the issue. It goes without saying that this is a incredibly skilled examination, that is potentially dangerous for both the horse and vet. Though for an experienced equine vet the information it provides is invaluable in deciding the cause of the problem. It may reveal an obstruction, or a swollen gut loop as a result of a twist or another intestinal issue.
It’s likely that in all but the most straightforward scenarios vets may inset a tube through the horses’ nose into the stomach. Though it sounds uncomfortable but can make the horse more comfortable by lowering the pressure from the stomach. This process can also give the vet useful information as to whether the stomach is emptying properly.
In some cases the horse might be so much distress that it isn’t possible for the vet to examine him properly without first applying a dose of pain killer.
Only by collecting all of the information revealed by a detailed examination is the vet able to make an initial diagnosis. Even then it may not be possible to diagnose exactly what the problem is.
It might be the case that, after the first inspection, your horse requires surgery. But more usually your vet will decide to treat the horse with a short-acting painkiller and monitor his condition after a few hours. The majority of examples show a rapid improvement. However others will either not respond to the treatment, or they might improve initially, only to start showing signs of pain again later.
Rather than having to bring the vet out multiple times, it is normally better to move these cases to a specialist practice where they can be monitored closely and surgery can be performed if appropriate.
In Conclusion
Thankfully the majority of examples respond well to medical treatment. But if surgery is needed – it is important to operate as soon as possible. The chance of a successful outcome is much better if the surgery is carried out before too much damage has occurred.
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